< 2019
Botanikai
Közlemények 106(1): 41–63 (2019)
DOI: 10.17716/BotKozlem.2019.106.1.41
Reproduction
biology of the round-leaved sundew (Drosera rotundifolia L.)
with special attention to its ex situ conservation
B. CZUPPON1,
L. PAPP JR.2, Z. TÓTH3, M. SZÉPLIGETI4
1,3Department
of Plant Systematics, Ecology and Theoretical Biology Eötvös Loránd
University H–1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/c, Hungary; 1biologus.elte@gmail.com
2Botanical Garden, Eötvös Loránd University, H–1083 Budapest,
Illés u. 25, Hungary 4Őrség National Park Directorate, H–9941
Őriszentpéter, Városszer 57, Hungary
Accepted: 19
March 2019
Key words:
Fekete-tó peat-bog, insectivorous plant, seed germination, seed morphology,
substrate preference assay, vegetative propagation.
The aim of our study is to provide information on the ex situ conservation
of the insectivorous round-leaved sundew (Drosera rotundifolia L.
1753). This glacial relict plant with circumboreal distribution is
considered threatened, thereby it is protected in Hungary. Recently, habitat
loss and degradation raise serious concerns regarding the survival of the
Hungarian populations. We examined the reproduction biology of the species
in order to elaborate a more efficient ex situ preservation protocol.
Altogether, 11,400 seeds were sown in different treatments. The seed samples
were obtained from two different sources. Part of the seeds were produced by
plants obtained from horticulture (Netherlands), while the other group of
seeds was collected from natural habitat in the Őrség National Park, SW
Hungary. We studied seed morphology quantitatively on high resolution
digital photographs by using a pixel-based image analysis program. In a
greenhouse experiment, we tested the influence of light, vernalization and
different substrates on the success of germination. The efficiency of
propagation of the plant from leaf cuttings were also examined. No
difference was observed in seed morphology between the two groups with
different source of origin. This suggests a high degree of homogeneity of
seed traits for the species. Average seed size was 1.46 × 0.21 mm and the
small (0.20 mm × 0.10 mm), ellipsoidal embryo is pale dark brown in color
and it has a smooth surface with delicate stripes on it. Our results confirm
that seeds require vernalization for germination. We observed the following
tendency: the longer vernalization period the seeds received, the more
successful germination could be observed. Maximum vernalization time used
here was 5 weeks, but it would be appropriate to examine longer periods of
treatment. Our experiment also confirmed that the seeds of this species need
light for their germination. The living Sphagnum moss used in horticultural
practice proved to be the best substrate for germinating D. rotundifolia
seeds. Propagation from leaf cuttings was effective, thus maintaining the
species ex situ is more efficient and faster than reproduction from seed. We
consider this method as an emergency solution to reintroduce the plants to
natural habitats due to the low genetic diversity.
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