< 2016

Botanikai Közlemények 103(1): 135–152 (2016)
DOI: 10.17716/BotKozlem.2016.103.1.135

REVIEW

Keywords: Anabaena, biotechnology, blue-green algae, cyanobacterium, phylogenetics, taxonomy

Cyanobacteria have potential applications in diverse areas, especially in agriculture, as nutrient supplements in agriculture and industry. Their role as food supplements/nutraceuticals and in bioremediation and wastewater treatment is an emerging area of interest. In addition, they are known to produce a wide array of bioactive compounds with diverse biological activities. Cyanobacteria were originally classified mainly on the basis of morphological characteristics. The development of molecular techniques facilitated the use of morphological and molecular approaches at the same time. The current taxonomic studies are combined using the so called polyphasic approach, which takes molecular, morphological, physiological, cytological, toxicological and ecological data into account. To date, there are only a few well-known and accepted species among those which were discovered in the past, others need further revision. The taxonomy related book, Süβwasserflora von Mitteleuropa records approximately 84 Anabaena species. 116, previously Anabaena algae had been transferred to other genera. Now, 49 species belongs to Dolichospermum, 42 to Trichormus, 15 to Chysosporum and 10 to Sphaerospermopsis genera. Anabaena genus can be found on Internet based databases as well. Algabase (http://www.algaebase.org/) contains 503 while NCBI (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) presents 559 Anabaena taxa. The present review paper provides an overview of the species of Anabaena genus and its experimental and biotechnological application including the latest results of its taxonomic research.

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